A tooth or gum abscess is your body’s natural response to fighting off infection and bacteria. When bacteria infiltrate the mouth and create an infection, the body forms an abscess as a defense mechanism to contain the infection and prevent it from spreading to other parts of the body. While abscesses are often swollen and painful, they play a critical role in isolating harmful bacteria.
A tooth abscess develops inside a tooth, typically when the tooth’s nerve dies or is dying. This type of abscess begins at the tip of the tooth’s root and can spread into the surrounding bone if not treated promptly. Common causes of tooth abscesses include severe tooth decay, trauma, or cracks in the tooth that allow bacteria to enter.
A gum abscess, also known as a periodontal abscess, occurs in the space between the gums and the tooth. It often results from food particles or debris becoming trapped beneath the gums, creating an infection that can spread into the bone if left untreated. Poor oral hygiene, gum disease, or injury to the gums can increase the risk of a gum abscess.
An abscess acts as a barrier to prevent the spread of bacteria from the infected area to the rest of the body. However, if left untreated, the abscess can grow, causing increased pain, swelling, and discomfort. In severe cases, the infection may break through the abscess and spread, leading to more serious health complications, including systemic infections or sepsis.
Maintaining good oral hygiene is the best way to prevent abscesses. Here are some practical steps:
If you suspect an abscess, it’s essential to visit a dentist as soon as possible. Professional treatment involves three critical steps:
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